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1.
J. vasc. bras ; 17(4): 296-302, out.-dez. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-969080

ABSTRACT

A lesão no pé de pacientes com diabetes é um importante problema de saúde pública que frequentemente está associado a amputações em membros inferiores e mortalidade nessa população. Objetivos: Investigar os fatores de risco associados a mortalidade em pacientes com pé diabético infectado submetidos a amputação maior. Métodos: Estudo observacional, retrospectivo e caso-controle. Amostra composta por 78 pacientes com pé diabético e úlcera infectada submetidos a amputação maior em um serviço de cirurgia vascular em um hospital universitário no período de 5 anos. Resultados: A média de idade da amostra estudada foi de 63,8 ± 10,5 anos, com 54 (69,2%) pacientes do sexo masculino, com creatinina sérica média de 2,49 ± 2,4 mg/dL e hemoglobina sérica média de 7,36 ± 1,7 g/dL. Houve 47,4% de reinternação. Foi realizada amputação transtibial em 59,0% e transfemoral em 39,7% da amostra estudada. Nesta amostra, 87,2% dos pacientes apresentaram cultura positiva, predominantemente monomicrobiana (67,9%), e 30,8% presentaram infecção hospitalar da úlcera. Os gêneros de bactérias mais frequentes foram Acinetobacter spp. (24,4%), Morganella spp. (24,4%) e Proteus spp. (23,1%). Nenhum gênero bacteriano foi identificado como fator de risco para óbito. O nível de creatinina ≥ 1,3 mg/dL (OR 17,8; IC 2,1-150) e a amputação transfemoral (OR 4,5; C: 1,3-15,7) foram fatores de risco para o óbito. Conclusões: Os níveis séricos de creatinina ≥ 1,3 mg/dL e amputação transfemoral foram fatores de risco para óbito


Foot ulcers in patients with diabetes are a major public health problem and are often associated with lower limbs amputation and mortality in this population. Objectives: To investigate the risk factors associated with mortality in patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers and major lower limb amputations. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective, case-control study with a sample of 78 patients with infected diabetic foot ulcers who had major lower limb amputations at a Vascular Surgery Service at a university hospital. Results: The mean age of the study sample was 63.8 ± 10.5 years, 54 (69.2%) were male, mean serum creatinine was 2.49 ± 2.4 mg/dL and mean serum hemoglobin was 7.36 ± 1.7 g/dL.There was a 47.4% rate of readmissions to the same hospital.Transtibial amputation was performed in 59.0%; and transfemoral amputation in 39.7% of the sample. In this sample, 87.2% had a positive culture, predominantly (68.0%) monomicrobial and nosocomial infection of ulcers was observed in 30.8%. The most common bacterial genera were Acinetobacter spp. (24.4%), Morganella spp. (24.4%) and Proteus spp. (23.1%). No bacterial genus was identified as a predictor of death. Creatinine level ≥ 1.3 mg/dL (OR 17.8; IC 2.1-150) and transfemoral amputation (OR 4.5; IC: 1.3-15.7) were associated with death. Conclusions: Serum creatinine levels ≥ 1.3 mg/dL and transfemoral amputation were risk factors for death


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Diabetic Foot/mortality , Amputation, Surgical , Wound Infection , Comorbidity , Cross Infection/complications , Foot Ulcer/complications , Lower Extremity , Diabetes Mellitus/mortality , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Observational Study , Infections , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
3.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 17(11): 2971-2980, nov. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-656441

ABSTRACT

A doença renal crônica (DRC) leva à falência renal e à necessidade de terapia renal substitutiva (TRS). A prevenção secundária pode retardar em muitos anos a evolução da doença. O presente estudo, retrospectivo, objetivou analisar os fatores prognósticos e estimar a mortalidade de portadores de doença renal crônica (DRC) secundária à hipertensão ou diabetes que iniciam a TRS por hemodiálise de emergência, desde a admissão hospitalar até a transferência para clínica-satélite ou óbito, no Rio de Janeiro. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 35,1%. Houve diferença significativa entre as curvas de sobrevida até o óbito, por doença de base (log-rank e Peto, p = 0,02) e por presença de fístula funcional (log-rank, p = 0,0099; Peto, p = 0,0090). A análise multivariada (modelo de Cox) mostrou aumento no risco de óbito de 7% (p = 0,002) por ano de idade; a presença de fístula funcional foi associada a uma redução de 81% no risco (p = 0,03). Conclui-se que um terço dos pacientes portadores de DRC por hipertensão e diabetes, que iniciam a TRS de forma não planejada, morrem no período entre a admissão hospitalar e a transferência para clínicas-satélites, o que indica baixo acesso à prevenção secundária na DRC, inclusive à cirurgia para a confecção da fístula arteriovenosa.


Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to renal failure and the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). Secondary prevention may postpone CKD for many years. This retrospective study sought to analyze prognostic factors and estimate the mortality of patients with CKD secondary to diabetes mellitus and to hypertension that initiate RRT through non-elective hemodialysis at an emergency hospital unit in Rio de Janeiro, from hospital admission until transfer to referral units. The mortality rate was 35.1%. The study detected a significant difference between the survival curves according to disease etiology (log-rank and Peto, p=0.02) and the presence of functional arteriovenous fistulae (log-rank, p=0.0099; Peto, p=0.0090). Multivariate analysis (Cox model) revealed a 7% increase in the risk of death (p=0.002) by one-year increment in age; the presence of a functional fistule was associated to an 81% reduction in the risk of death (p=0.03). About one third of patients with CKD followed by hypertension or diabetes that initiate renal replacement therapy through non-elective hemodialysis die before being transferred to a referral unit, indicating low access to secondary prevention in CKD, including surgery for arteriovenous fistula creation.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/mortality , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Hypertension/complications , Prognosis , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Retrospective Studies
4.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 52(2): 355-366, mar. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-481005

ABSTRACT

O transplante simultâneo de pâncreas/rim tem indicações específicas, riscos e benefícios. O procedimento, cada vez mais realizado, traz vantagens se comparado ao paciente em diálise, em relação à qualidade de vida, anos de vida ganhos e evolução das complicações crônicas. Se o paciente tiver a opção de realizar o transplante de rim com doador vivo, que apresenta sobrevida semelhante do enxerto e do paciente aos dez anos, o procedimento deverá ser considerado. O transplante de pâncreas após rim, quando efetivo, pode melhorar a evolução das complicações cardiovasculares, mas em contrapartida provoca maior mortalidade nos primeiros meses após a cirurgia. O transplante isolado de pâncreas também ocasiona a maior mortalidade pós-operatória, resultado da complexidade do procedimento e da imunossupressão. O transplante de ilhotas tem sua indicação para um seleto grupo de diabéticos com instabilidade glicêmica.


Pancreas and kidney transplants have specific indications, benefits and risks. The procedure has become more common and more often as long-term success has improved and risks have decreased. Compared with a patient being on dialysis, simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplant offers a distinct advantage when it comes to mortality, quality of life and diabetic complications. Since there can be a living-donor kidney transplant,, a possibly similar patient and graft survival by 10 years follow-up, this procedure should be considered. Pancreas after kidney transplants, when successful, can improve microvascular complications compared with kidney transplant alone, but immediate mortality may be higher. Solitary pancreas transplantation can improve the quality of life in selected patients, but it may also increase the immediate risk of mortality due to the complexity of the surgery and the risks of immunosupression. The results of Islet transplantation differ from the higher metabolic performance achieved by whole pancreas allotransplantation and its applicability is limited to selected adult diabetic patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/surgery , Islets of Langerhans Transplantation/methods , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Pancreas Transplantation/methods , Chronic Disease , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/mortality , Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology , Diabetic Angiopathies/mortality , Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Diabetic Neuropathies/etiology , Diabetic Neuropathies/mortality , Graft Rejection , Immunosuppression Therapy , Islets of Langerhans Transplantation/adverse effects , Islets of Langerhans Transplantation/mortality , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Pancreas Transplantation/adverse effects , Pancreas Transplantation/mortality , Pancreas/blood supply , Survival Rate , Treatment Outcome
5.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(3): 279-286, mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-484896

ABSTRACT

Background: Despite a better management of the variables that influence the development of diabetic nephropathy there is a progressive increase in the prevalence of terminal renal failure among diabetics, whose cause is not clear. Aim: To study in a group of patients in hemodialysis, the quality of diabetes control previous to the entry to dialysis, their physical condition and their evolution. Material and methods: Diabetic patients with at least three months of hemodialysis answered a questionnaire about diabetes control quality previous to dialysis and had physical and laboratory assessment. They were followed for at least four years thereafter. Results: Fifty seven patients aged 62±11 years were studied. Eighty four percent had some degree of disability. Eighty seven percent had high blood pressure and 73 percent had to enter dialysis as an emergency. Mean glycosilated hemoglobin was 7.7 percent and 58 percent had a dialysis dose with a Kt/Vofless than 1.2. Fifty eight percent died during follow up. No relationship between mortality and age, blood pressure, glycosilated hemoglobin of Kt/V, was observed. Conclusions: There is an inadequate management of blood glucose and blood pressure of diabetic patients before entry to dialysis. They are referred ¡ate to the nephrologist, the dialysis dose is insufficient and they have a high mortality.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetic Nephropathies/therapy , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Renal Dialysis , Chile/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , /complications , Diabetic Nephropathies/blood , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Disease Progression , Follow-Up Studies , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Kidney Failure, Chronic/blood , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Renal Dialysis/mortality , Treatment Outcome
6.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 51(1): 111-115, fev. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-448372

ABSTRACT

A nefropatia diabética (ND) é a principal causa de insuficiência renal crônica terminal (IRCT) nos países desenvolvidos. OBJETIVOS: Observar se ocorreu aumento da prevalência de diabete melito (DM) como causa de IRCT nos últimos 20 anos e comparar a sobrevida em diálise dos diabéticos e não diabéticos. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva dos pacientes mantidos em diálise na região Oeste do Paraná no período de 1985 a 2005. A estimativa de sobrevida foi realizada pela Curva de Sobrevida de Kaplan-Meier. RESULTADOS: Durante este período, foram admitidos em diálise 645 pacientes. Em 16,1 por cento deles o DM foi a causa da IRCT. Observou-se aumento na prevalência de DM como causa de IRCT. A sobrevida dos pacientes em diálise foi inferior nos diabéticos. CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de DM como causa de IRCT aumentou progressivamente nos últimos 20 anos em nossa região. A sobrevida de pacientes diabéticos em diálise foi menor que a dos não-diabéticos.


Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in developed countries. OBJECTIVE: To observe if there was an increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) of CKD in the last 20 years and to analyze comparatively the survival on dialysis of diabetic and non-diabetic patients. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of patients kept on dialysis in the west region of Paraná State in the period between 1985­2005. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier Curves. RESULTS: In the period, 645 patients were admitted to dialysis. In 16.1 percent DM was the cause of the CKD. It was observed a progressive increase in the prevalence of DM as a cause of CKD. Patient survival was lower in diabetics. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of DM as a cause of CKD increased in the last 20 years in our region. The survival rates were lower in diabetic than in non-diabetic patients.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Renal Dialysis/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/mortality , /complications , /mortality , Diabetic Nephropathies/complications , Diabetic Nephropathies/epidemiology , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Kidney Transplantation , Kidney Failure, Chronic/epidemiology , Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Uremia
7.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 57(5): 546-56, 1997. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-209681

ABSTRACT

Analizamos retrospectivamente la evolución de 169 pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica, divididos en 4 grupos: 1) 24 con nefropatía diabética (edad 53,7 + 11 años); 2) 19 con poliquistosis renal (edad 55,3 + 9 años); 3) 43 mayores de 60 años al ingreso a hemodiálisis crónica de etiologías distintas a diabetes y poliquistosis (edad 69,2 + 5,8 años) y 4) 83 menores de 60 años de tiologías diversas (edad 42,8 + 12,4 años). En los tres primeros se registró creatinina plasmática e hipertensión areterial al ingreso, morbilidad, mortalidad y sus causas. En el primer grupo se registró la presencia al ingreso de retinopatia diabética severa y de enfermedad cardiovascular. En los 4 grupos se determinó la sobrevida. En el grupo 1, 92 por ciento presentaba retinopatía severa y 88 por ciento enfermedad cardiovascular: la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial fue de 100, 74 y 67 por ciento en los grupos 1, 2 y 3 respectivamente (p = 0,13). Doce diabéticos murieron antes del año, sin encontrarse diferencias en la creatinina sérica, la edad y la presencia de enfermedad cardiovascular, retinopatía severa o hipertensión arterial entre ellos y los que viveron más de un año. El porcentaje del tiempo en riesgo internado y los días/paciente/año fueron significativamente diferentes entre los grupos 1 y 3 vs el grupo 2 (p < 0,001). Las causas de internación resultaron semejantes en grupos 1 y 3: ingreso a diálisis, cardiovasculares y neurológicas. Las principales causas de muerte en grupos 1 y 3 fueron: cardiovasculares y muerte súbita domiciliaria. La sobrevida fue superior en el grupo 2 vs el grupo 1 (p = 0,0014), siendo similar entre el grupo 1 y el 3 (p = 0,21) pese a la diferencia de 15 años entre ambos. Con el método de riesgo proporcional de Cox, se identificaron como factores de riesgo a la etiología diabética, la edad, el año de ingreso a HDC y los episodios de internación, ajustando rara covariantes estudiadas. En nuestra experiencia, la evolución de los pacientes diabéticos en tratamiento hemodialítico crónico mostró alta morbilidad y mortalidad, siendo el curso evolutivo paralelo al de los pacientes mayores de 60 años.


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Female , Humans , Diabetic Nephropathies/therapy , Polycystic Kidney Diseases/therapy , Renal Dialysis , Age Factors , Analysis of Variance , Cause of Death , Creatine/blood , Creatinine/blood , Critical Illness/therapy , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Hypertension , Morbidity , Polycystic Kidney Diseases/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Survival Analysis
8.
P. R. health sci. j ; 15(2): 85-90, Jun. 1996.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-228505

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical results of a group of young and elderly diabetic patients on ambulatory peritoneal dialysis at a large comprehensive tertiary care community hospital in San Juan, Puerto Rico in relation to rehabilitation characteristics, compliance, complications and survival. DESIGN: The medical records of all patients with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus trained between June 1985 and June 1992 were reviewed. This group of patients was subdivided according to age, in young (20-50 years) and elderly (50 or over). A comparable number of nondiabetics were selected at random for each of the two age groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The patient were studied for age, sex, need of assistance from a partner during dialysis, causes of transfer and hospitalizations, peritonitis, rehabilitation, patients compliance and outcome including mortality. RESULTS: Young diabetics versus non-diabetics: There were 45 patients in the diabetic group (37.8 percent females) and 57 in the non-diabetic group (54.4percent female) with a total observation time of 52.52 patient-months among the diabetics and 82.17 patient-months in the non-diabetic. Mean age of the diabetic patient was 39.9 +/- 8.8 and 36.7 +/- 8.7 for the non-diabetic...


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Diabetic Nephropathies/therapy , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory , Chi-Square Distribution , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Hospitals, Community , Kidney Failure, Chronic/mortality , Patient Compliance , Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory/statistics & numerical data , Puerto Rico/epidemiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome
10.
Gac. méd. boliv ; 14(1): 5-9, mayo 1990. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-94392

ABSTRACT

Teniendo en cuenta la gran morbilidad y mortalidad cardiovascular de los pacientes con nefropatia diabetica tipo II, se han evaluado seissujetos previa inclusion al programa de dialisis y transplante, mediante ultrasonografia bidimensional y Doppler, a fin de conocer la funcion ventricular izquierda. Los parametros valorados fueron: intervalos sistolicos del ventriculo izquierdo, incluyendo el periodo pre eyectivo, velocidad de acortamiento circunferencial, porcentaje de la fraccion de eyeccion, porcentaje de acortamiento segmentario, espesor septal, diametros diastolicos del ventriculo izquierdo y llenado diastolico ventricular. Todos los pacientes eran hipertensos, anemicos, portadores de retinopatia diabetica y en tres de ellos habia una neuropatia periferica moderadamente severa. La evaluacion ecocardiografia mostro en todos ellos alteraciones de la funcion diastolica y en la mayoria, por lo menos un dato de compromiso de la funcion contractil.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Diabetic Nephropathies/complications , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Kidney/pathology , Bolivia , Cardiovascular Diseases , Heart Ventricles/physiology
11.
Gac. méd. boliv ; 13(3): 91-7, dic. 1989.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-94385

ABSTRACT

Se han estudiado 26 pacientes con nefropatia diabetica y se ha visto que en general se trata de una enfermedad de personas mayores no insulino dependientes y que llegan al nefrologo en estadios terminales, cuando ya es poco lo que se puede hacer por la funcion renal. Se mencionan las multiples complicaciones concomitantes de la diabetes y que son motivo de gran morbilidad, sobre todo las cardiovasculares, sin embargo, se enfatiza la importancia de un seguimiento clinico estrecho y control meticuloso de la tension arterial y de la glisemia, como formas de estabilizar el deterioro renal, cuando se las pone en practica a tiempo y de manera obsesiva.


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Diabetic Nephropathies/mortality , Kidney/pathology , Uremia , Bolivia , Cardiovascular Diseases , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
12.
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